Lp(a) and LDL-C have independent and additive adverse effects on risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and lowering LDL-C does not fully offset Lp(a)-mediated risk, according to the results of a meta-analysis of data from 27,658 participants enrolled in six placebo-controlled statin trials (4D, 4S, CARDS, JUPITER, LIPID, MIRACL). The studies assessed the association of LDL-C and Lp(a) levels with risk of fatal or nonfatal coronary heart disease events, stroke, or any coronary or carotid revascularisation.
